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Domain Name Propagation Delay


DNS Propagation

If you already have an existing domain name and wish to point it to another server or domain name you should be aware of something called ‘DNS propagation time’.


In order to understand DNS propagation, you must first understand a little about how DNS works. When you set up your website with your hosting provider, they create a Master DNS record in their Domain Name Servers. Your domain registrar points to your web host’s DNS server as being the master authority of your domain.


When any outside source wants to know how to find your website (ie your PC on your Internet Server Provider’s broadband connection), they first go to the registration database to find out who the DNS authority is for your website. Then they visit your hosting provider’s DNS servers to find out what the IP Address is for your domain name, and from there your audience can now view your website.


The problem with this whole scheme is that in order to speed up the rate at which their customers can view the internet, each Internet Server Provider caches their DNS records. This means that they make their own copy of the master records, and read from them locally instead of looking them up on the Internet each time someone wants view a website. This actually speeds up web surfing quite a bit, by speeding up the return time it takes for a web browser to request a domain lookup and get an answer. Secondly it actually reduces the amount of traffic on the web therefore giving it the ability to work faster.


The downside to this caching scenario and what makes it take a long period of time for any domain changes to be visible to everyone, is that each broadband company or ISP that caches DNS records only updates them every few days. This is not any kind of standard, it varies from company to company. They can set this time anywhere from a few hours to several days.

The slow updating of the servers cache is called propagation, since your websites DNS information is now being propagated across all DNS servers on the web. When this is finally complete, everyone can now visit your new website.


Being that the cache time is different for all servers, it can take anywhere from 24 to 72 hours for DNS changes to be totally in effect. Usually this time is greatly reduced for .co.uk domains when viewed within the UK because local broadband companies cache local websites much quicker. Worldwide domains (.com, .org etc) usually take about 48 hrs or so to fully propagate.

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